Treatment and Outcomes of Acute Traumatic Dental Injuries: A Narrative Review
Lumnije Kqiku1, Kurt Alois Ebeleseder1 and Rifat Latifi2,3
1Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Prosthodontics, Medical University of Graz, Austria;
2University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;
3Tucson Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Corresponding author:
Lumnije Kqiku DDS, MS, PhD
Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Prosthodontics
Medical University of Graz, Austria
Billrothgasse 4
A-8010 Graz
Tel.: ++43-316-385-12213
Fax: ++43-316-385-13375
Email: [email protected]
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Abstract
Background: Dental trauma in the primary and permanent dentition can result from a variety of facial or bodily injuries and often does not occur in isolation. The aim of this narrative review is to describe the current management of traumatic dental injuries after immediate treatment as well as the prognosis and complications after delayed treatment.
Method: A search of current literature was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases up to 2024. Immediate or delayed treatment, outcomes of the dento-alveolar trauma, and post-treatment complications are analyzed.
Results: Of a total of 1,217 results were initially obtained, of which 28 papers were selected and results were independently analyzed. Eighteen (18) clinical and six (6) animal studies, as well as four reviews regarding crown fractures /crown root fractures, and all type of luxations were analyzed and included in this study.
Early intervention is essential for the natural biological processes involved, and thus crucial for favorable outcomes. Delays disrupt the delicate healing environment, leading to increased complications. Finally, the guide for injuries to permanent and primary dentition: https://dentaltraumaguide.org are recommended.
Conclusion: Early management of dento-alveolar trauma significantly improves functional and esthetic outcomes.
Keywords: acute dental trauma, luxation, avulsion, crown fractures, root fractures, early or delayed treatment